JOURNAL # 5 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

JOURNAL 5 - search Paper ExamplePublic transportation changed when the automobile became part of every family. Television shows replaced dinner conversations. We dictum man walk on the moon and the horrors of war in our living rooms (Bray par. 4).Various cultures sustain responded differently to technological advancements depending on their resources and capabilities to apply, adapt and create innovations based on these breakthroughs. For instance, as emphasized by Farahani, culturally speaking, engineering is neither evil nor disastrous rather it is a means that, if used properly, could work up the welfare of human beings. By deploying the laser technology we may help cure the warmness of a child in a village. However, laser could be used to guide a bomb. We chiffonier use satellites for education and intellectual and cultural progress of human beings or we can use them as a means to spread the destructive cultural and ideological patterns (1). Therefore, culture has learned to use technology to their advantage with some isolated instances, some technological breakthroughs were used to serve selfish interests leading to closing not only of men, that of the environment.Culture during technological growth paralleled its rising pattern by exhibiting substantial increases in population, to wit technology not only increased humans life span but how we live, how long we live, and how many there are of us (Bray par. 2). With more technological breakthroughs, cultures have expanded knowledge, skills, and abilities that enabled the numerousness of growths in all facets of life. One discovery paved the way for one too many and provided meliorate transportation and communication. No longer were cultures separate from each other, but technological discoveries and innovations have revolutionized closing the outmatch between time and space. Through the discovery of the internet, for example, people from diverse cultures have learned to

Cormac McCarthy's Blood Meridian Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cormac McCarthys Blood Meridian - Essay ExampleThe fabrication stand be called a historical novel without the aura of historical fiction, and not an escapist Western as it chronicles the expeditions of Glantons paramilitary gang sent out by both the Mexican and Texan politics to murder and scalp as many Apaches as possible. Further encouraged by the bounty offered by a Mexican governor for Indian scalps, the Glanton gang takes to scalp hunting Apaches with a vengeance. However, this is not and a case of bloodthirsty whites slaughtering noble savages the Apaches themselves commit horrendous atrocities of their own.Most of the action in the novel centers around Judge Holden, a massive 7-foot albino who towers over everyone else, yet seems pre-pubescent because of his total lack of hair and keen hands and feet. (He was bodacious as a stone and had no trace of beard and had no brows to his eyes nor lashes to them McCarthy 6). Judge Holden manages to manipulate everyone with whom he comes into contact (even Glanton), and easily turns situations to his advantage. The Judges physical characteristics are used as comparison with other characters such as the Kid (the Kid is not big, but he has big wrists and hands McCarthy 4 unlike the Judges small hands) and the drained babies that the Kid finds, who stare eyeless at the naked sky. Bald and pale and bloated (McCarthy 57) a comparison with the Judge, who is bald and pale (being an albino).Judge Holden is a mystery from his very first appearance in the novel and dust so until the very end, when he is one of the few characters surviving. One mysterious aspect is his uncanny baron to move from place to place so swiftly and eerily that it seems he is in fact not one, but two persons (e.g. he escapes from the riot in Reverend Greens tent to a salon where he is completely dry, even though it is heavily raining outside). His seeming double

People Management Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

People wariness - Coursework ExampleThe employer is expected to protect the employees interest and respect the role they play in the organization. On the other hand, the employee is expected to set tasks as per the guidelines of the employer. In essence, psychological contract enhances a silent running(a) environment and promotes respect between the employees and the employer.George (2009) argues that the basic feature of a psychological contract is the mutual obligation between the employer and the employee. Both parties to the contract have responsibilities and obligations to fulfill in relation to each other. Even though the content of the contract is not presented in writing, both parties have to know their responsibility as utmost as the subject matter is concerned. The obligations of each caller atomic number 18 intangible and cannot be measured by the on hand(predicate) conventional means. In this regard, the obligations are inbuilt, and it is only the parties to the contract who understands them. In essence, both the employer and the employee must perform their responsibilities accordingly to enhance quality performance and timely completion of tasks.Psychological contracts are unique in that the terms and conditions are a matter of personal perceptions. The psychological contract is complex since no available source can be found to ascertain that the contract was entered. Further complexity is observed in the fact that peoples perceptions change regular, and it is usually hard to comprehend what other people are thinking or planning to do. In addition, in case of a breach of the psychological contract, a third party cannot intervene since the contract is only known to the employee and the employer. Essentially, it is crucial to recognize that perception are sometimes seasonal and, therefore, understanding the content of the psychological contract by a third party can be extremely

Negotiable Instruments in Business Law Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Negotiable Instruments in Business Law - Article Example partings 134 to 137 of CHAPTER XVI of the Act relate to International Law. Section 134 regulates the profound power of a foreign instrument. The liability of the drawer of the instrument will be governed by the legal philosophy of the place. Likewise, the liability of the holder or acceptor will be regulated by the law of the land of the receiver. Section 135 deals with the place of honoring the instrument. If the place of payment differs, then the matter of honoring it will be decided upon by the law of the place of payment. As per S. 136, if a negotiable instrument is drawn outdoor(a) India (but) according to Indian Law, that instrument will be valid in India, even though the aforementioned(prenominal) is invalid in the place of drawing and accepting it. The last Section promulgates that any foreign artless is considered as India in the matter of trans corresponding the negotiable instrument, if not proven otherwise.The legal issue raised in this article is about the provisions contained in Indian Negotiable Instrument Act 1881. Here the modus operandi of the fulfilment of the transaction and its subjectivity and objectivity together with its bindings are discussed in detail. Addition wholey, the liability and stipulations about the governing legal power on the negotiable instrument transacted are explained.One... Discuss realistic solutions supported by sound legal and business principles.)One displace find many defenses to shun responsibility on negotiable instruments and elements machine-accessible with forgery, fraud and alterations in relation to negotiable instruments. For instance a drawer of a check can escape its payment by stopping its payment. plainly such stopping of payments through checks can be done by the drawer in case the check is declared missing or lost. But this loop hole in the law of negotiable instruments Act has been used by many a drawer so that they can escape their de bt or liability. Even the amendmentof 1988 to Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act remained understood about stopped payment. Section 138 of the negotiable instruments act of 1881 deals with statutory offence in the matter of snipe of cheques on the argument of deficiency of funds in the account preserved by a soul with the banker. Section 138 of the Act can not be termed as falling in deplorable act but they are prohibited under the penalty in public interest. Generally in criminal law presence of guilty intent is an important ingredient of a crime. But the Legislature has the secure to create an offence of unlimited liability or stern liability where mens rea is not at all required.The Kerala High Court in K. S. Anto v. Union of India held thatKnowledge or reasonable belief, that pre requisite could be statutorily dispensed with in appropriate cases by creating strict liability offences in the interest of the Nation.In increase the creation of the strict liability i s an efficient measure by promoting greater alertness to avert accustomed heartless or otherwise stance of drawers of cheques in release of debts or otherwise. The terms as

Does Christian Salvesen's sickness absence management policy meet its Essay

Does Christian Salvesens sickness absence management policy meet its obligations under the DDA - Essay ExampleWhat makes matters worse is that the susceptibility of disabled workers to be inflicted with further physical damages is some measures ignored, or simply interpreted for granted.Legislatures outlawing discrimination exist and are updated from time to time to cater to the varying degree of needs by workers, and yet incidences are still filed to various pertain agencies. Total elimination of hinderance discrimination has to start from at the onset of the employment process had been advocated beside inexorable implementation in the workplace.One celebrated case of disability discrimination is a case that has been filed and a success in Ireland sometime in the year 2001. An employed woman who had an epilepsy had been hired temporarily and had been playing well as substantiated by her supervisor for a computer plant. When the company decided to elevate her perspective to pe rmanent, she went under a medical test and although she had declared her epilepsy in her application form, the unsex called the companys personnel incumbent to advise regarding her epilepsy, of which was ground for her dismissal.The argument had been that the company was supposed to have been obliged to carry out asylum assessment identifying the extent of danger involved on the epileptic employees tasks. The company should have then taken steps to overcome these dangers, if any. In fact, the doctors call was used as sufficient ground for the employees dismissal, and that the company did non even wait for the written medical report anymore which state that the epilepsy was no problem omit when there was a need for her to tackle heavy machinery.The company defended that the dismissal was due to the medical advice that stated all workers had to be able to do all tasks and that the claimants job involved heavy machinery. Nevertheless, it admitted that the employee was dismissed b ecause of her epilepsy.The wear down Court surmised that the worker was not obliged to work on heavy machinery all the time and it was possible that the company could have arranged ways for her not to use machinery at all. The company was obliged to take care providing the employee with reasonable facilities which could have overcome difficulties. The employer was fined IEP (ISO currency code for the Irish Punt) 15,000 awarded to the epileptic employee (EIRO, 2006).Another case of disability discrimination had been acted on an assistant bookkeeper who worked for 30 years for her employer. She already had two back surgeries during that time and her doctor advised she would need another. She applied for a leave which was granted and she soon spent the next age training another younger employee assigned to replace her temporarily.After her successful surgery and recovery period, she called on her manager regarding her plan to resume work. Instead, her manager said her services are no longer required and even suggested she could resign voluntarily although there had been a plan to terminate her employment.When she refused to quit, she was terminated that same week for poor performance. Nelson filed charge alleging that she was terminated because of her disability and her age. In response, the employer disputed the fired employees claim of disability nevertheless only back problems, and that she

Learning theories Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Learning theories - Research Paper ensampleTeachers are regularly struck with suggestions for reforms. They are often asked to use different curricula, new prizement and falsehood teaching strategies. They are constantly been directed to prepare learners for new standardized test or to assess learners prepare by way of conducting portfolios and performance assessments. They are often advised to approach pattern research based approaches to teach learners in order to enhance their performances (Wilson & Peterson, 2006). Tradition every last(predicate)y, accomplishment was perceived as moreover acquisition of skills and knowledge whereas currently, the concept has been viewed to include emotional as well as social and mixed societal dimensions. Additionally, learning theories attempts to describe and understand the various ways in which the people learn. Very often, the theories are considered to be the important resource of the learningal research as they have the potential t o guide in constructing new educational approaches and analyzing along with improving the existing approaches and trends (Navarro & Hoek, n.d.). With this concern, the paper intends to critically explore three learning theories of Malcolm Knowless learning speculation of andragogy, transformative learning theory of Jack Mezirow and experiential learning theory belong to D. A. Kolb. Brief Explanation of Theories Malcolm Shepherd Knowles and the Theory of Andragogy Malcolm shepherd Knowles is often been considered as the fundamental figure in the segment of liberal education particularly in the region of United States during the middle of twentieth century. During the yr 1950, he was assigned with the responsibility of Executive Director of the Adult Education Association of the US. The first make up of Knowles was termed as informal adult education. Later, he developed a unique theoretical basis for adult education and learning through highlighting upon the notion of andragogy. T his work of his was greatly appreciated in the US. Furthermore, his work was considered to be the crucial factor that has contributed in changing the views of adult teachers from educating people to helping them learn. Knowles was commensurate to convince that learning practices of adults are different from those of children. He was engaged in building inclusive theory concerning with adult learning that was closely related with the features of adult learners. Earlier work of Knowles concerning informal adult education had postulated certain basic elements of process as well as settings. Later, he intended to combine all the elements in order to propose new conceptual basis for improving the adult learning practices. The instrument or the learning theory that postulated by him was termed as andragogy. According to Knowles, the theory concerning andragogy was primarily based upon iv pioneer assumptions that were based upon the characteristics of adult learners. These assumptions w ere related with the adult learners that are quite dissimilar from the assumptions that dealt with the children learners (Mark K. Smith, 2002). Later, a fifth assumption was added to the theory. Thus, the five basic assumptions relating to andragogy theory that developed by Knowles have been portrayed hereunder. Self-Concept According to Knowles, the due date that occurs in an individual with the passage of times lead towards self-concept moves wherein an individual tends to become more self-directed individual from being a reliant personality (Mark K. Smith, 2002). Experience Similarly, Knowles admitted that as an individual becomes

Managing organisational behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Managing organisational behaviour - Essay ExampleThe model of distribution of power and pay was first introduced by Frederick Winslow Taylor in the early twentieth century. According to him, the aggregate planning and control of an organisation should be in the hands of the owner and the worker should simply arrange as per the commands of the owner (Robbins and Coulter, 200658). He further added that this concept would lead to maximum productivity and maximum meshwork and therefore it was widely accepted all over the world. It still continues to be used today in big organizations and banks where senior level executives hold explicit power and enjoy exorbitant income in similarity to their employees (Kular et al, 2008). However, before the analysis, understanding the concept of Organizational Behaviour, Taylors scientific Management hypothesis and the Needs guess in brief is deemed necessary. Organizational behaviour is a subject that is concerned with studying the actions of p eople at work. It focuses on the fact that managers need to understand the elements which influence how employees work. Also, a managers success depends upon how headspring he can manage employees behaviour and gets things done through them (Robbins and Coulter, 2006 372). ... He incorporated his concepts in his book, The Principles of Scientific Management (1911) which became a guide book for either manager in every company crosswise the world especially UK and US. Soon Taylorism spread to every corner from the workplaces to larger and bigger organizations and became one of the closely acceptable patterns of working in the twentieth century (Frederick Winslow Taylor Criticism, 2011). While working in a factory as an engineer, Taylor realized that workers lacked efficiency and wasted a lot of time. He started a serial publication of time management studies and brought forward a system of work which would accomplish organizational goals efficiently without wastage of time. His th eory consisted of four main principles to determine the most efficient way to perform each task advance work to every worker according to his capability closely scrutinize each workers performance and empower the management for planning and control of the organization (Walonick, 1993). In other words, he suggested that it is the doctor responsibility of the manager to make a complete plan of every single task that every single worker needs to accomplish and also plan the procedures and means to fulfil the task. According to him this system would lead to maximum profitability. Every single business house organized themselves according to the principles of Taylorism and the top executives and managers were give full control of the employees and the workplace, thereby curbing the independence of the employees (Pizzigati, 2004159). The main objective of Taylor was to achieve maximum cheer and profit for the owners as well as to provide

The Use of DDT in Malaria Vector Control Article

The social occasion of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane in Malaria Vector restrict - Article ExampleAs DDT is mainly use in indoors, it eventually generates the risks of deterioration of gentlemans gentleman wellness by a certain degree. This can be owing to the reason that direct exposure of this pesticide can damage the health of humans. Also, it can also be identified that there exist no such substitutes of DDT in order to prevent human health from severe diseases such as malaria. The other significant toxicology data which can be interpreted into concern in order to make the decision concerning the use of DDT in malaria vector control is that DDT is also responsible for causing various severe complexities. These complexities might comprise early gestation loss, fertility loss, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, leukemia, diabetes, pyrethroids and neuro givemental deficits among others. By taking into concern the aforesaid toxicology data, it can be find out that DDT indeed im poses serious health hazards to the humans which is a major cause of concern. It can be viewed in this regard that due to the seriousness of this issue, countries such as the United States is strongly working upon to develop appropriate secondary pesticide in order to reduce the health hazards and provide health-related benefits to the humans. But relating to the case of Africa which has a record of occurring the disease i.e. malaria, World wellness Organization has allowed indoor use of DDT. But the main predicament concerning this factor is that DDT also acts as a strong deterrent to fight against malaria as hearty as vector control... It can be viewed in this regard that due to the seriousness of this issue, countries such as the United States is strongly working upon to develop appropriate alternative pesticide in order to reduce the health hazards and provide health related benefits to the humans. But relating to the case of Africa which has a record of occurring the disease i.e. malaria, World Health Organization (WHO) has allowed indoor use of DDT. But the main dilemma concerning this factor is that DDT also acts as a strong deterrent to fight against malaria as well as vector control and at the same time, it poses serious chronic health hazards to the humans (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, DDT, DDE, AND DDD). However, a decision of creating an alternative pesticide is needed to be taken which may help in resolving this particular issue by a certain degree (Berg, Global Status of DDT and Its Alternatives for Use in Vector Control to Prevent Disease). 2. USE THE FOUR PHASES OF THE DISPOSITION OF A TOXIC COMPOUND TO ASSESS THE perniciousness OF DDT The four phases have been described hereunder. Absorption-DDT mainly gets absorbed in the human ashes when the pesticide is unfastened to the skin and lung. Ingestion also happens due to DDT which enters into the human soundbox causing deterioration in the health of human beings at larg e. Distribution-If DDT is able to enter the human body, then it is circulated/distributed to the entire body parts in a fast way. It also contains high amount of fat which quickly spreads into the body imposing adverse effect upon humans health. Metabolism-The metabolism phase or process of DDT primarily include certain effective processes that encompass dechlorination, dehydrochlorination, oxidation,

SWOT Analysis for coach inc in 2012 its strategy in the accessible Case Study

SWOT Analysis for coach inc in 2012 its strategy in the accessible luxury good market - Case Study ExampleThe company aimed at attaining the strategic priorities through increase market share in North America through opening new distribution outlets and change magnitude the products targeted towards men. The company would also increase the online sales and raise brand awareness in markets with low sharpness such as South America (Gamble & Eastburn, p 289).One of the strengths is the widespread distribution profit that includes sell retailers and factory stores. The company has approximately 970 wholesale locations in North American market, 169 retail outlets in Japan, 66 stores in China and other international wholesale outlets in 18 countries. The effective distribution network is essential in creating customer efficiency, enhancing brand awareness and penetrating new markets thus will alter the company to attain higher sales volumes in the future. Currently, Coach has a wide geographic reportage and strong global distribution capabilities due to partnering with wholesale retailers in different countries (Gamble & Eastburn, p 297).The company has a reputation for quality and differentiated products that meet the current product trends and consumer desires. The company uses the highest-quality leathers and has established quality sourcing agreements with the abroad third parties (Gamble & Eastburn, 2014).The company has excellent customer service capabilities that include wide range of direct trade activities such as websites, catalogs, and brochures. The company is capable of collecting and storing current and potential customer information in order to understand the ever-changing customer tastes and respond effectively through offering products that meet the changing customer expectations. For instance, Coach increased the customer contacts by 52 percent in 2011 to over 625 one million million contacts (Gamble & Eastburn, 2014).Coach has good supply chain management capabilities that ensure high quality

Sunset Boulevard as a Genre Film Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

sundown Boulevard as a Genre Film - Essay ExampleMany critics argue as to whether noir is a genre or a sub-genre. As Martin Scorcese says in one his documentaries, noir is a sub-genre of drama and doesnt have any unique definition. Filmmakers like him say that experimental condition noir is just a term that is utilise to indicate certain stylistic elements which are common in the exposures of 1940s and 1950s.In the wake of this quandary among the critics, this essay puts forward a hypothesis that identifies itself with the claim of many film critics that it a noir movie. In this essay, the movie shall be tested against the framework of conventional noir movie making and an analysis shall be made round the genre of the movie. The analysis shall be comprehensive and include detailed examples from the movie and also various unoriginal sources of information.Sunset Boulevard is widely regarded as a cult movie and one of the epic movies belong to the noir genre. First of all, it is important to establish what is a noir genre and how did it develop in Hollywood. During the 1930s many artists, directors, and composers were ousted from Germany by Hitler. These people came to Hollywood and started to work there. The political and social situation of Germany instilled in them a sense of cynicism.It is a known fact that the German government at that time was involved in the systematic cleansing of millions of people. This cynicism and pessimism was carried forward and brought to Hollywood. The German Expressionist cinema, when combined with the Hollywoods fascination with crime, created a genre called noir. This term was not used at that time but was later coined by critics in the 1970s to list a kind of films that were made in the 1940s and 1950s.

Neil Postman's view on either religion, politics, or education in Essay

Neil Postmans view on either religion, politics, or education in Amusing Ourselves to conclusion - Essay ExampleThis is certainly true, as many local cable shows make religion to be some kind of spectacle and not much else. However, even off the telecasting religion is not on the whole told that great and in fact many of the things Postman talks some hasten been carried out coherent before tv existed. According to Postman, when religion is put on television, Everything that makes religion an historic, profound and sacred clement activity is stripped away there is no ritual, no dogma, no tradition, no theology, and above all, no sense of spiritual transcendence (Postman). He says that what happens instead is that the preacher becomes more important than God himself, and that basically the religious experience becomes some kind of cult of personality where the audience is enthralled with the preacher who owns the television show. Postman cites a number of television shows whi ch proves his point. His three main examples are Jim Swaggart, Pat Robertson, and exalted Terry. Reverend Terry offers a prosperity Campaign Kit, which appears to have a dual purpose As it brings 1 nearer to Jesus, it also provides advice on how to increase ones bank account (Postman). Pat Robertson is not quite so bold about it but his 700 club still charges people fifteen dollars per month to belong to it and to backup running (Postman). Jim Swaggart is in the old style but his preaching is still television-ized, his sermons are theatrical, emotional, and in a curious way comforting (Postman). Indeed, there are plenty of television shows like the ones Postman mentions. local anaesthetic cable stations abound in just the sort of preaching that he is talking about. In fact, things have gotten worse since Postmans writing. Figures like Glenn Beck, who has a television show as well as a radio show, actually just spread hatred and spectacle on their show purely for ratings. Glenn Beck is a reat example of the preacher world more important than God, like Postman says. Postman, though, says television is not congenial to communicates of nude hate (Postman). Figures like Beck show this is not the case, and suggest that religion has become even more immobile by television now. Postman believes that television automatically changes the message of anything, and that this is why religion becomes cheapened on television. opposed the thrill of being there in person, where the preacher can speak more directly to you, television makes this impossible because you do not know who is watching and have to take care of the ratings. Basically he says that on television, religion, like everything else, is presented, quite simply and without apology, as an entertainment. Postman compares several pre-television evangelists to the three TV preachers he brought up. He says that men such as Jonathan Edwards, George Whitefield and Charles Finney, ... were men of great learning , theological subtlety and powerful expositional skills (Postman). He says that what makes the real difference though, is that the medium of television is not as effective as the medium of being there in person. The problem with moderrn evangelists is that they do not the truth, if they think about it at all, that not all forms of discourse can be converted from one medium to another (Postman). He says this is like translating poetry, where the message remains but the meaning is lost. While Postman does make a good point about ratings, it is not necessarily true that all pre-television evangelists were better at their job. For instance there must have been many who were just in it to make money by entertaining people, and in a condemnation when television was not available there was not any other sort of entertainment. For this reason

Case study-scientific glass Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

-scientific glass - Case subscribe ExampleSimilarly, the alternative of accuracy and reliability of the managers records should be investigated (Cannella and Ciancimino 21).The alternatives can be evaluated by for example physically counterchecking the instrument and the recorded figures. If they indicate similarity, then the records can be relied upon. Otherwise, the managers should be trained on how to hold in updated records.In 2009, the cost of goods sold according to the balance sheet was $38.9 jillion while the inventory stood at $8.7 million. Dividing $38.9 with $8.7, the answer is 4.47 which represent the inventory turnover. Months of inventory is then obtained by dividing 365 by 4.47 is equal to 81.66. In nine to get the days of inventory based on months, 81.66 is divided by days which equals to 2.7. The ratio of inventory against gross sales is obtained by dividing total inventory in 2009 by total sales which stood at 86.3 million which is equal to 0.1. If SG increase s the sales by 20 percent in 2010 thus getting total sales of $103.86, and keeps the inventory coverage the same, the forecasted inventory in for the company would be 1.04 while that of North America which contributes 50.9% 4.44/8.72* coke of the whole inventory would be 0.53.One of the policies that the company focuses at adopting is eliminating trunk stock. In order to curb that the customers demands were effectively met by the company, the sales people are allowed to check up a maximum of $10,000 in their cars as well as homes. However, after some deliberation, Beane deemed it fit to remove the trunk shots. Even if this would be apart of the solution to the inventory problem, some managers were hesitant to apply the policy. The maximum amount of inventory that would be saved would stand at $320,000 that is gotten by multiplying 32 salespersons by 10,000. By emulating the policy change, I depend that the company

Marketing assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing assessment - Essay ExampleAmong these is the threat of sore entrants in to the market. The ratio of new entrants continues to get bigger and as such(prenominal) intensifies the competition. For example in the telecommunications industry, more companies have set up shop, introducing products such as mobile phones which are affordable therefore challenging the already existing companies.This is to begin with due to the advances in technology which al petty(a)s more people to venture in to business easily than it was the gaucherie in the past. This means that more superior products will be developed in order to hold open a competitive advantage. Therefore, increase in the financial spending to produce quality products and services and low profit margins since the prices of the products and services will be put to match the market prices at the time.Globalisation other feature of technology is a major challenge especially to local companies who are increasingly being face d by competition from multinationals in their backyard. Local companies face the risk of losing monopoly as more and relegate products and services are being offered by international companies who have infiltrated their market.There is an increase in marrow men and counterfeit products in the market which is a major threat to the existing genuine companies. malingerer and substandard products continue to flood the market at the expense of genuine products due to their low pricing. populate are buying cheap products due to the high cost of living as a tack to genuine products they are unable to afford. The rise of middle men also, who sell products and make higher acquire than the producers themselves are also a major threat to companies in the 21st century. Pfizer pharmaceutical in the US has been a victim of this continued trend with several of their medicine being counterfeited. Counterfeiting is linked to organized crimes such as money laundering and is a lucrative business for the

Which structural form, if any, is most suitable for an SHRM approach Essay

Which structural form, if any, is most suitable for an SHRM approach - Essay showcaseManagement theorists and researchers have emphasized the difference between, and importance of, strategical HRM and human resource strategy, in achieving organisational goals. Therefore, strategic HRM decisions are incorporated into the strategic plan from which HR strategies are derived.According to Price (2007), strategies are bureau used by organisations to achieve their objectives, in the form of decisions taken well in advance to collaborate the long-term goals of the organisation. Strategic HRM focuses on widespread aspects of organisation such as organisational culture, individual career knowledge, having correctly people for the right job, etc. In relation to this, Mabey, Salaman and Storey (1998) have proposed four different perspectives firstly, SHRM entails decomposable activities that are beyond the responsibilities of personnel or HRM managers and extend to all aspects of managing people including social and economic mount of management of internal and external environments impacting the organisation and its people secondly, it includes impact of strategies on business performance, and thus emphasizes on measurement of performance thirdly, management styles are more defined and according to the existing people and goals and lastly, development of organisational capability is encompassed through strategic knowledge management.Much work on SHRM field has resulted in various(a) models and types of SHRM, which can be broadly classified into two groups, the general and prescriptive approaches. Delery and Doty (1996) and Richardson and Thompson (1999) have framed outdo practices, best fit and the configurational approaches (cited by Armstrong, 2000) another perspective by Armstrong (2000) includes high-commitment, high-performance and high thing models.In the best practice approach, organisations adopt best HRM practices such as employment

Torts problem question-Negligent misstatements Case Study

Torts fuss question-Negligent misstatements - Case Study ExampleWhoever makes a claim cod to somebodys negligence besides proving concern of conduct, hurt and damages, must also show extra factors under transaction As pure economic loss caused by negligence is not a tort but liability under common law negligence.In Hedley Byrne & Co Ltd v Heller & Partners Ltd 19631 UKHL 4 (28 May 1963, it was held by the House of Lords that respondents were not liable as bankers for giving negligently favourable credit about their client whom the appellants dealt with as a result. The reason was that the bankers had no fiduciary relationship with the appellants nor had any duty of care to them as there was no contract. Besides they had cautioned the appellants that their opinion was without owning any responsibility. Applying the same principle in the above case, it can be argued that though the bankers had been in the march of making a fiduciary relationship subject to the surveyors opinion , such a relationship had not been established. there was also no negligence on the part of the bankers. Besides they also had relied on Surveyors opinion and confused business as a result. In fact Helen and the Bank are in the same position.On the other hand whether Helen as well as Andrew can claim compensation from the Surveyor depends on the principles of duty of care, fiduciary relationship, and negligence. ... But proximity of relationship could be deemed to exist as two of them have suffered due to his negligent opinion. Therefore both Helen and Andrew can claim damages from him. In fact, valuer was held liable in sack up v Wilson2, wherein the valuer was held responsible to the owees for negligent undervaluation and was asked to pay loss incurred by the mortgagees due to mortgagors default. In this case, the defendant who was the valuer displace his valuation report to the agent of plaintiff (mortgagee) in order to induce him to advance money against the mortgage of the property he valued. As the valuer had knowingly placed himself in that position, he had a duty of care in the preparation of a valuation document. In somewhat identical cases, Smith v. Eric S. Bush and Harris v. Wyre wood District Council 19893, both the plaintiffs purchased houses relying on valuations of the surveyors who acted under the instructions of the defendant mortgagees and their fees were paid by the plaintiff purchasers. The valuations of the surveyors move out to be defective resulting in serious financial loss to the plaintiffs. Even though the call of agreement excluded liability for both the mortgagees and the surveyors for any loss due to inaccuracy in valuation, the House of Lords held that surveyors had a duty of care to the plaintiffs and the terms of exclusion of liability was struck down by virtue of section 2(2) and 11 (3) of the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977. BIn the case of B.Pen & Co, Charles lent money to jam to buy the business of B.Pen & Co, relyin g on the Accountants report which later turned out to be untrue to the prejudice of both Charles and John. Although it was

The Janissaries from the Ottoman Empire Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Janissaries from the Ottoman Empire - Essay ExampleThe head of the Ottoman Empire was the sultan and he was vested with powers that were absolute, though with the understanding that he ru guide with the expectation of being just. This concept is the foundation of some(prenominal) Middle Eastern thought, reinforced by Islamic tenets of fairness. Both Turkish and Persian traditions bequeathed the grand Turk with the case of the protectorate of the rights enjoyed by all citizens, with a special focus on those at the bottom of the course of action system. Because of this, the sultan received his authority in the belief that it was the and way to ensure that corruption could be avoided (Hooker 1996). This fidelity to both the authority and fairness to the Sultan was a key element in the development of the Janissaries. A significant portion of the training of Janissaries involved indoctrinating them to believe they were a family and the Sultan was their father.Until the late 1380 s, Janissaries consisted prisoners and slaves. Sultan Selim I transformed the conscription by filling their ranks with non-Muslim youths. The training was highly disciplined that obeyed Islamic laws much(prenominal) as celibacy and not being allowed to wear beards (Greene). The Janissaries were an essential element of the Ottoman Empire passim its major wars and battles from the 1453 capture of Constantinople to the wars against the Austrian-Hungarian Empire several centuries later. In the beginning it was the Sultan himself who very often led his Janissary troops into battle. As they began to assert their dominance in battle, their reputation and favor increased, along with the desire of galore(postnominal) to join them. While this was an advantage in the arena of recruitment, it also quickly proved to be something slight then desirable to the Sultan and his political advisors. The Janissaries slowly began to realize that their reputation could bring them an even break off lif e, as well as more power. Over the course of the next few centuries there the development of the Ottoman Empire was marked by a series of uprisings and revolts that all served to increase the power of the Janissaries.The prime(prenominal) revolt by the Janissaries did not take place until 1449 when they demanded better pay. The success of this revolt doubtlessly set the order for future revolutions. In fact, this rebellion created the precedent whereby each new Sultan was expected not only to extend a reward to each Janissary, but also to raise pay. A later ascension in the 16th century resulted in Sultan Selim II bestowing permission for Janissaries to marry.The Janissaries had achieved such a aim of power by the 1700s that entire Ottoman bureaucracy was dictated by their desires. Any mutiny by the corps could result in a change of political policy. Coups directed by Janissaries had the effect of switch Sultans who were not specifically sensitive to their demands. A key, and u ltimately fatal, mistake by the Janissaries was moving to block modernisation of the military in an effort to hold onto their own power (Gerolymatos 152). In 1807 a Janissary revolt deposed Sultan Selim III, who had tried to modernize the army along Western European lines. His supporters failed to recapture power before Mustafa IV had him killed, but elevated Mahmud II to the throne in 1808. When the Janissaries threatened to oust Mahmud, he followed suit and had the captured Mustafa penalize and

McDonalds Video Advertisement Essay Example for Free

McDonalds Video Advertisement EssayThis paper analyzes the rhetorical features of one particular tv advertisement (2010 see Reference list for details) t eyelid was issued on the internet by the multinational burger comp each McDonalds. It at once circulates on the internet with and with come forth the English subtitles. The subtitled text of the advert is a very brief nine lines long, followed by the single differentiate line shine as You argon and the full text is given to a lower place at Appendix 1. Hill and Helmers (2008, pp. 51-53) describe how a tv uses a particular type of judgement call(a)ed visual argument which is rhetorical sort of than logical or dialectical. The medium is very compressed and this does non allow full exposition of claim, argument, rebuttal, etc but on the other hand the visual aspect lends a sense of immediacy which written text does non leave. They warn, however, that the appargonnt advant come on of seeing rather than information is part ly illusory, since the images presented are highly structured and filtered so as to present a particular viewpoint. In their terminology the McDonalds advert would fall into the category of didactic narrative.The target market for McDonalds products is generally un fashion modeld families and teenagers. The opening shots set a scene which is familiar to this group a busy and noisy McDonalds restaurant with m both smiling faces. A father waits to be served while a son sits at a formica table and talks on his mobile telephone while expression at a photograph. Across the world, in France as well(p) as in other countries, this is a regular particular and will resonate with both onetime(a) and rawer viewing audience who see themselves in the father or son region.The dresscode in the picture is casual and cool as essayd by the beanie hat worn by a customer, and the hoodie worn by the boy who talks. This is typical of styles popular with young urban males. At first it looks like a mainstream father and son, where the son talks to mostone romantically on his cellphone. The person on the other end of the telephone is neither seen nor heard and one just assumes out of habit that this person is female. Lines 1-4 are spoken by the boy. The father arrives and lines 5-9 are spoken by the father.As the father quizzes the boy and makes a comparison with himself, the facial expression of the boy makes it clear that the father is not aware of a crucial difference between them the boy is gay. The Tag line which is presented on a plain screen at the end just before the McDonalds logo Come as you are tacitly acknowledges that people are different, and extends a welcome to all kinds of people. It does not matter whether they are older or younger, gay or straight, they should still come to McDonalds and eat together.The claim, or main issue which the delineation presents is that diversity is a good thing, and people should be welcome regardless of their sexual orientatio n. thither is no explicit verbal argument to back this up, but the story presents the gay son in a favourable light. This is done by camera angles that focus on his face, and the choice of an attractive young french male actor dressed in pretty average teenage clothes. This is by no federal agency extreme gay activism with stereotypical gay wardrobe, mannerisms and speaking style but a subtle moving picture of a situation that a pretty average young gay man is likely to encounter.It all looks and is intended to look normal. The video is youth-focused, because it lets the audience see things from the boys perspective, while make it obvious that the father does not appreciate the insider information which audience and boy share. The father represents the traditional French male role model of an experienced older man who is successful with women. The son represents a more than up to date role model of a gay French man. An interesting aspect of the video is that there are a number of appeals going on at the same time in different directions.On the one hand there is a main message conveyed by pathos, which shows the young boys romantic feelings towards his boyfriend, and his wry acceptance of his fathers old fashioned and rather macho attitudes. On the other hand there is some authority and believability in the role of the father who pays for the meal and takes a positive and fatherly interest in his son. The son is inward looking and reflective, using the personal pronoun I to reveal his feelings, while the father uses the pronoun you more often and directs his feelings outwards.The father cites the evidence of his own experience to offer an example for the boy to follow in his footsteps. McDonalds will be well aware that parents and teenage children, and the sometimes complex and difficult relationship between them is absolutely the territory in which they operate their business. They provide a framework, something like a neutral territory, in which this ge nerational conflict coffin nail be worked through, via the activity of buying and eating fast food. In making the gay-friendly message implicit, rather than explicit, McDonalds avoids the attainable outcome of presenting a crass or sensationalist message.The way gaps in the narrative are remaining for the viewer to supply is also very clever, because it flatters the audience and forces them to get involved in constructing the guessing of the advertisement. ambiguity used in this way is a very powerful rhetorical technique. There is still, of course, the possibility that some viewers will react negatively to the overturning of the traditionally dominant heterosexual point of view. Some viewers will resist the gay-friendly message that is being constructed but this, too, is part of the writers intention.Advertisers often philander controversy as a means to extend the impact of their message and this is a prime example of that. If some viewers react with an indignant and anti-gay blog post or a you tube video or text response then this in turn provokes pro-gay and pro-McDonald posts from the viewers. The message is then guaranteed durability and a wider circulation. In purely technical production terms this video is a model of economy and precision. There are only two speakers, and each takes only one conversation turn.The product is never mentioned, and the insistent recognizability factor with this brand makes this irrelevant in any case. Just in case there is any doubt in the viewers mind, however, the logo is added at the end. The colors are muted, and the mood is a gentle family intimacy with some tension caused by the unspoken facts which change the surface meaning of the discourse. thickheaded meaning is conveyed in shots of the changing expressions on the sons face, and these meanings are obliquely referred to in the tag line Come as you are.This phrase is used in standard English to mean something like dont dress up specially there is no destin y to be formal and the McDonalds ad suggests an extension of this to mean something like you dont need to pretend you are straight, just be yourself for a young and gay friendly audience, or you dont need to worry if your son is gay, just come and eat with him as normal for an older audience who whitethorn be less open towards a gay message. The advert makes a plea for tolerance, not for any particular orientation.All of the components of the advert, even including the brief snippet of song saying Im going on my way at the end, support these same messages and the images work, because they rest on a long McDonalds statute of adverts showing intimate conversations in busy restaurant scenes, but incorporate this new diversity ground angle in a positive, friendly and contemporary way. Appendix 1. 1. Boy Hello? 2. Boy I was thinking about you too. 3. Boy I miss you too. 4. Boy My dads coming, I have to hang up. 5. Father Is this your ramify picture? 6. Father You look just like me at your age/ 7.Father Let me tell you I was quite the ladies man 8. Father Too bad your class is all boys 9. Father You could get all the girls. (Song in the background) 10. Tag line replaces the pictures Come as you are. Hill, Charles A. and Helmers, marguerite (2008) Defining Visual Rhetorics. Mahwah, NJ Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Lunsford, Andrea A. , Ruskiewicz, John J. , Walters, Keith. (2009) Everythings an Argument. Boston Bedford books. McDonalds video advert Come as You Are, (2010) in French with English subtitles. Available online at http//www. youtube. com/watch? v=xk8xyONKK_4feature= connect

Appraising the Secretaries at Sweetwater University Essay Example for Free

Appraising the Secretaries at Sweetwater University Essay1.What is electronic estimator?- computer is an electronic device that is designed to work with Information.The term computer is derived from the Latin term comput ar, this means to calculate.Computer house not do anything without a Program.it represents the decimal numbers finished a string of binary digits. Computer is an advanced electronic device that takes raw data as input from the user and processes these data below the control of set of instructions (called platform) and gives the result (output) and saves output for the future use. It fire process both mathematical and non-numerical (arithmetic and logical) calculations.2.Four functions of computer-The four basic functions of a computer are input, processing, output and storage. Input is the information which is entered into the computer. bear upon is performing operations on or manipulating data. Output is the result of the data processing. Storage refer s to devices that can have got the data when the computer is deactivated.3.Computer dodge-A corpse of interconnected computers that share a central storage arrangement and various peripheral devices such as a printers, scanners, or routers. Each computer connected to the system can operate independently, but has the ability to communicate with other external devices and computers.4.Classifications of computer according to 3 devices (1) Micro computers These computers use a microprocessor scat and this chip is used instead of CPU means that this microprocessor chip works as a CPU. These computers are in any case called soulfulnessal computers. Two major types of these computers are laptop computer or Desktop computers. Only one user uses these computers at time thats why they are also known as personal computers. (2) Mini Computers These are knock-down(a) computer. These computers come into existence in sixties at that time mainframe computer was very costly. Mini computers were available in cheap prices, so users start using it.(3) Mainframe Computer It as a very powerful and large computer. You can protrudeidea of its power as it can handle processing of many users at a time. Terminals are used to connect a user to this computer and users submit there task through mainframe. Terminal is a device which has keyboard and a screen. By using terminal users put inputs into the computer and get the output through screen. (4) Super Computers As the name super computer specifies that these are most powerful computers even than mainframe. Actually, when we optimize a mainframe computer then we get super computer.5. History of computer The word computer originally implied a person, who, under instructions from a mathematician, performed mechanical calculations. Mechanical calculate devices such as the abacus were often put to use to aid this process. At the end of the Middle Ages, math and engineering in Europe received a considerable boost, thus leading to the invention of legion(predicate) mechanical calculating devices. The technology for clockwork was developed by the former(a) 17th century. The period between the early 19th century and early 20th century saw the tuition of a number of technologies which would be vital for the development of the digital computer later(prenominal) on. Some examples are the punched card and the valve. Charles Babbage was the stolon person to design a fully programmable computer as early as 1837.However, he was unable to really construct his computer due to a variety of reasons. Analog computers were increasingly used in the first half of the 20th century for a number of scientific computing needs. However, they became obsolete after the development of the digital computer. The first digital computer was the Atanasoff Berry Computer . It used a binary system of arithmetic, parallel processing, a separation of memory and computing functions and regenerative memory. Binary math and electronic circ uits both of which are used in to daylights computers were first used in the Atanasoff Berry Computer. In the 1930s and 1940s, newer and more efficient computers were continuously developed. Gradually, they came to possess the key features which are present in modern day computers digital electronics and flexibility of programming.Among the more important machines to be developed during this time, the American ENIAC was prominent. It was a general map machine, but had an inflexible architecture. Later a far superior technique known as the stored program architecture wasdeveloped. It is the foundation from which all modern computers are derived. Throughout the 1950s, computer design http//www.online-computers.info was primarily valve driven. This was later replaced by transistor-driven design in the 1960s. Transistor-based computers were smaller, faster and cheaper, and hence commercially viable. Integrated circuit technology, adopted in the 1970s enabled computer production cost s to hit a new low, so that even individuals could afford them. That was the birth of the personal computer, as it is known today.6.Examples of Input,Output Devices*Manual- Abacus,Slide rule,Leibinizz Calculator,Napiers bones,Pascal calculator,Babbages Analytical engine *Electronic-Unversal automatic pistol computer,Electronic delayed storage automatic calculator,Electronic discrete variable automatic computer,Electronic numerical integrator and calculator,Atanossof-Berry computer *Electromechanical-Automatic era controlled calculator,Jacquards Loom, Holleriths punched-card machine

Child Beauty Pageants Essay Example for Free

Child Beauty Pageants EssaySparkling tiaras, beautiful gowns, glamorous hair and make-up One would intend that this would be every little girls ambition. Unfortunately this dream often turns into a horrible nightm are. The popularity of two-year-oldster smasher pageants seems to be rising every year make more and more controversy. There are many an(prenominal) different views and concerns that people seem to have on these types of pageants. Many of them do not agree with children macrocosm forced to fulfill their parents dream by taking place in a apricot pageant. The history of beauty pageants became part of the American society round the 1920s. They originated as a marketing tool in 1921 by an Atlantic City hotel owner who was arduous to attract tourist. Since then, pageants have become a major event in the lives of Americans. The online article written by Kareen Nussbaum exclaims that it wasnt until the 1960s when child beauty pageants really began. Back then, chi ld pageants consist of modeling sportswear, eve attire, dance, and talent. The judging was based on the individuals looks, talent, poise, perfection, and level of confidence.Pageants were conducted at political, educational, and entertainment venues. Many were scholarships were being offered through pageants, and beneficial programs were being facilitated. The vaunting world attended introduced a face to the faceless troubles of racism, handicaps, and illnesses. Since that time, a split in the pageant industry has changed. Nowadays, they are anything buy conservative. Beauty pageants, like the ones on the show Toddlers and Tiaras, are not round natural looks but are based on much(prenominal) superficial things such as who has the most make up and best tan.Parents have a major role in most child beauty pageants. There are very few children who participate in pageantry without their parents. They are the ones who provide the money and connection into the pageant world. Several f amilies who start their child in beauty pageants have generations of competitors that include grandmas, mothers, kids, and grandkids. Many believe that the mothers of children that are involved in beauty pageants live vicariously through their children. Too often, pageant moms have only one thing on their mind and that is for their child to win Having their own mother/parent as their role model, the child will most plausibly have that same kind of attitude causing many problems throughout their life.There are many other reasons why child beauty pageants are unnecessary in todays society. As children, they are most likely forced into the beauty pageants. Being too schoolgirlish to say no, the parents reach control. Beauty pageants also sexualize young girls too early. They are exposed and become familiar with womanish items such as padded bras, high heels, and make-up. Instead of acting like their own age, the little girls believe to think they are older than they really are. Hig h heels arent made for small feet. They needlessly tug the childs weight forward causing lower back pain and hindering proper(ip) development of their feet.Sometimes younger girls are forced to wear heels outside of pageants, because their feet have grown in a way that makes wearing other shoes uncomfortable. Hairspray is the most common widely used produce in child pageants. Unfortunately, too much hairspray can actually stunt growth. The psychological science Corner claims that it contains certain chemicals that act as hormone disruptors that could be harmful to the clay, and is linked to stunted growth and even lung pubic louse If child beauty pageants werent allowed, these kinds of troubles wouldnt be so prevalent.Cognitive and emotional problems are in all likelihood the most dangerous problems that beauty pageants can cause. They are capable to leading to many different kinds of disorders that could vitiate a childs life. A 2007 report by the American Psychological Ass ociation raise that the hypersexualization of young girls is strongly associated with eating disorders, low self-esteem, and depression. Psychologists and psychiatrists largely agree that pageants reinforce negative female body exposure issues that result in eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia. Beauty competitions emphasize the barbie doll image of what a beauty queen should look like. The problem with having that image is that there is no way for a person to be able to look like that.Even 25 years ago, top models and beauty queens weighed only 8% less than the average woman, now they weigh 23% less jibe to the Oprah Winfrey Network. Although Zinzi Williams states that many of the beauty pageants take part in community service, delivering a social message and help in bringing up funds for charity, numerous of them are exaggerated and mess with a young childs mind.For about fifty years, beauty pageants have been teaching children to behave as young adults rather than act ing their own age. Rather than focusing primarily on the idea of competition, pageants for younger children should be created to concentrate on the childs talent, intelligence, poise, and confidence. While there can be some supreme aspects of children beauty pageants, the physical and mental health of the participants will only continue to exacerbate.Works Cited5 Facts about Beauty Pageants. Oprah Winfrey Network. Harpo Productions, 2012. Web. 2 Dec. 2012. Nussbaum, Kareen. Children and Beauty Pagaents. Beauty Pagaents. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Dec. 2012. Toddlers and children beauty pageants Risk factors for severe psychological turmoils. Psychology Corner. Psychology Corner, n.d. Web. 2 Dec. 2012. Williams, Zinzi. Beauty Pageants and its Effects on Children. Purduecal. N.p., 6 Dec. 2010. Web. 3 Dec. 2012.

Black Codes Essay Example for Free

unforgiving Codes EssayBlackCodes were legal statutes and constitutional amendments enacted by the exConfederate states undermentioned the polite War that sought to restrict the liberties of newly freed sIaves, to ensure a cater of inexpensive agriculturaI Iabor and prolong a white dominated hierarchy. However the history of Black Codes did not begin wIth the coIIapse of the Confederacy. Prior to the Civil War, $tates in the south enacted Slave Codes to regulate the institution of buckle downry. Furthermore, blue, nonslave holding states enacted laws to limit the emailprotected political fountain and social mobility. For example in 1804, Ohio enacted Iaws prohibitin subdued people from immigrating into states. In 1813, the State of lllinois enacted a law forbiddance free BIacks outright from immigrating into the $tate. Black Codes adopted after the Civil War borrowed elements from the nonmodern slave laws and from the laws of the northern states used to regulate free b lacks. Some Black Codes incorporated morality clauses based on antebellum slave laws into Back Code labor laws. For example, in Texas, a morality clause was used to grow it crime for laborers to use offensive language in the front line of their employers, his agents, or his family members.Borrowing from the Ohio and Illinois codes, Arkansas enacted an edict banning free blacks from immigrating into the state. In the end, the Black Codes were largely extinguished when Radical Republican Reconstruction efforts began in 1866-67, and with the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment and civil rights legislation. Though the statutory gets of the Black Codes were short-lived, they are significant in that they served as precursors to the Jim Crow laws and social segregation among whites and blacks. For example, Arkansas passed a law prohibiting black children from 1attending school with children.The Texas legislature enacted a law requiring railroad companies to set aside a passenger car fo r black passengers. While sever aloney ex-Confederate state enacted its own set of Black Codes, all of them shared certain features. First, they defined the term individual of color. Second, they prevented blacks from voting, holding office, or serving on juries. Third, they prevented blacks from serving in state militias. Fourth, they mandated for poor, unemployed individuals (usually blacks) be arrested for vagrancy or alternate as apprentices. Fifth, they mandated and regulated labor stupefys between whites and free blacks.Sixth, they require interracial marriages between whites and blacks. both of the Black Codes defined what it meant to be a person of color. However, these definitions were far from consistent. The Virginia legislature decreed that each person with onefourth Negro blood in their veins was a person of color. Georgia set the limit at one-eighth. motionlessness yet, the Tennessee legislature declared anyone having any Negro blood at all made an individu al a person of color. The leaders of the ex-Confederacy made no qualms about their desire to keep blacks out of the political process.To this end, all of the ex-Confederate states prevented blacks from voting, holding political office, or serving in the state militias. This view had some measure of assert in the North. In an article appearing in the New York Times, an author wrote, The denial of suffrage to the freedmen, we believe, cannot be made a bar to admission of the Southern representatives, for the reason is that it is no real denial of justice. No man, white or black, has title to a civil power which he has not the intelligence to exercise. The Black Codes also prohibited blacks from serving in state militias. A principle reasons for these laws was probably a anxiety for insurrections and armed violence. However, a 2corollary concern was that the presence of armed black soldiers encouraged undesirable attitudes in blacks. For example, in Florida, the state legislature dra fted resolution requesting that black Union Army troops be withdrawn from their lands because their presence alarmed whites and encouraged insubordination among blacks. Florida also passed laws prohibiting blacks from carry fire-arms or weapons.If blacks wanted to own a gun, these laws a lot call for blacks to obtain a license from the county judge and to have witnesses, usually white, vouch for their nonviolent temperament. The vagrancy statutes were oddly harsh on freed blacks. While these statutes did not specifically target blacks in their language, they were predominately applied to blacks because of their impoverished condition. In general, vagrancy statutes stipulated that any person a law enforcement officer or judge deemed to be unemployed and not owning property could be arrested and charged as a vagrant.It was easy to arrest blacks for violating vagrancy laws because the freed blacks lacked wealth and land owning to their forward condition of servitude, and to a lesse r extent because the federal government reneged on its promise to deliver forty acres and a mule to 40,000 freed slaves. Once arrested and convicted of vagrancy, a person would be forced into conditions nearly equal to slavery. They were either hired out to private individuals or forced to work public projects. They were not paying for their labor.In Florida, disobedience, tardiness, or running away could be punished by imprisonment, standing in the knock down or stockade, or flogging. Punishment by flogging usually consisted of receiving 39 lashes, a number oft used when flogging slaves. Apprentice statutes functioned along with vagrancy statutes to ensure a steady supply of inexpensive labor. infra apprentice laws, minors of poor parents, or parents deemed to be 3vagrants, could be taken as wards of the court and bound out to a master for varying lengths of time. Males were usually bound until the age of twenty-one, females until the age of eighteen.Apprentices oft had no ch oice in the trade they would be required to learn, however, masters were required to teach the apprentice a trade, provide for the apprentices living expenses, and provide the apprentice with a basic elementary train education. Some states even required the master to provide the apprentice with a monetary gift when the apprenticeship expired. Apprentices who go against apprentice laws by running away being disobedient to their master could be imprisoned, flogged, or forced to pay damages. The regulation of labor contracts with blacks was another hallmark of the Black Codes.In article appearing in a popular magazine of the time, a Southern author wrote of black people, We should be satisfied to hold them to engage in coarse, common manual labor, and to punish them for dereliction of duty or non fulfillment of their contracts with much(prenominal) severity, as to make them useful, productive laborers. Under the Black Code labor regime, blacks were free to work for any one they ch ose, but they were required to sign contracts that bound them to the employer at least a year. Once the contract was signed, blacks could not get out of the contract unless a court first declared the master break the contract first.This deprived blacks of the opportunity to accept better paying jobs if they arose, and insured landowners had a steady supply of cheap labor. Punishment for blacks who broke their labor contracts include payment of damages, imprisonment. In states like Florida, it also included standing in the stockade or floggings. In Florida, behavior that constituted a breach of the contract included laziness, failure to appear for work, using offensive language with the employer, or running away. Most of the slave codes also made it a criminal offense for anyone to entice or encourage a black laborer to break an existing labor contract.Criminal laws also played an important aspect in the Black Codes. To varying degrees, ex-Confederate states passed criminal laws tha t prohibited petty that blacks were more likely to commit due to their present(prenominal) condition. For example, the Louisiana punishable Codes specifically criminalized trespassing on plantations. Because free blacks often had no place to live other than on their previous masters plantation, they were more likely to be arrested under these statutes. Penal Codes also specifically targeted blacks by inflicting harsher punishments for some crimes than whites convicted of the same crime.Unequal punishment was important for keeping blacks in a condition of servitude. For example, a North Carolina statute made it a capital offense for a black person to assault a white woman with intent to rape. Finally, the Black Codes uniformly prohibited interracial marriages between blacks and whites. For example, in Texas anti-interracial marriage laws called for the punishment of both spouses with a fine, imprisonment or both. It was a criminal offense, as it was in Georgia, for anyone to knowing ly marry a white and black person.And frequently county clerks were required to record marriages of blacks and whites in separate registries. Conversely, the Black Codes also uniformly recognized black marriages and the legitimacy of children born(p) to black parents. However, many Black Codes made it a criminal offense under adultery and criminal conversation laws for blacks to live together without getting married or registering as a married couple with the county clerk. These statutes were frequently applied to blacks living in rural areas who were living together as result of their impoverished condition.

Judgment and the Self Essay Example for Free

Judgment and the Self EssayWhat up prepares people is not things themselves but their designs or so the things. For pillow slip, wipeout is nothing indescribable (or else it would turn out appeared alarmful to Socrates), but instead the judgment about death that it is d admitfulthat is what is dreadful. So when we are frustrate or upset or distressed, let us never deuced both(prenominal) unrivalled or something else but rather ourselves, that is, our take in judgments. -Epictetus To say dread is an interior phenomenon is to tread toward tautology, dread wrenches your innards. here however, there listenms to be something to the echo of Epictetus.Of course the crux lies in the gap that opens this transition, the gap between things and our judgments of them or, by chance more pointedly, in the locality of judgment. This distinction already clarifies some ground of Epictetus standing. He is not a materialist for judgments hold the higher weight. The term judgment is a tricky point in the exegesis. If it stands for appearance in the sense of a persons particular appropriation of sense-data or some basic produce of interacting in the dry land, we are in a more limited position in guaranteeling our judgments. If it stands for conviction we have some more flexibility.If we limit ourselves to the example of the passage Epictetus is shown to be speaking in the last mentioned sense at the level of opinions and level offts which are already complex entities of consciousness. This would follow the philanthropic drive of Socratic philosophy which Epictetus evokes. His position is nearly unemotional person while he does not occlude the passions (When we are thwarted or upset or distressed) he does rein them in under self control. For Epictetus this takes a very rational form, indeed he nearly equates the self with the judgments it produces saying, Ourselves, that is, our own judgments. His argument follows from his position. The events that volitio n lead you in life are simply as they are (we hear this in the other passage of his). One is cast into the world but the impact of events croup be determined by the subject. It is ones own responsibility how one responds to life situations. It is important in the analysis of Epictetus argument to display it properly. Looking at it in syllogistic form we find a fault line. Firstly, we note that Epictetus does not give us an everywheret syllogism. What we have is simply a premise and a conclusion.There is an implied major premise that would have the syllogism read as such a) All judgments are the responsibility of the subject. b) judgments upset people not things. c) when one is upset, they are to blame. It is this major premise that does not sit well today. The question is whether we are in control of our judgments. After Kierkegaard, can we really be confident in our ability to think away dread? I would use example as dread is one translation of the Danish angest on which Kierkeg aard wrote his important, invention of Anxiety.Now for Kierkegaard anxiety opens up the capacity for a response in a way that could enliven Epictetus but the authoritative difference is that it is precisely in being moved, in being upset, the one is prompted to decide. Or, as Kierkegaard writes analogously in a afterward work, The possibility of this sickness despair is mans advantage over the beast. What amounts to ascent in the case of despair is not being in it(Kierkegaard, 1989, p. 44-45). This Kierkegaardian understanding of pre-existing put under rings truer. The trick here is not to lose this issue in esoteric matters.Unfortunately the example used by Epictetus doesnt translate well into analogues. Firstly because death is a experience about which we can only form a prejudgment (providing that we understand death in terms of Epictetus world where death does not include a possibility of resuscitation). Secondly, because a fear of death seems to be universal. The saying t hat all of life is but a preparation for death points to this universality. In order to sidestep some of these difficulties for the heart of the issue it is necessary to construct a new example.This will be given later on for the purpose of explicating my position. I am inclined to agree not only with the Kierkegaardian position of having a disposition toward unease but relatedly that the self is a construct. The self qua self awakens, and this sort of phenomenon can even be seen by the dull-mindedness of developmental psychology. The example is that of a childs judgment. They slavishly follow their impulses toward sweets, for example. They will take them until they are trained to control themselves. Even in this elementary scenario we can see that the judgment precedes the self.As such the self cannot be in control of the self. This way of framing the discussion could set up my position as Einsteinian to Newtonian physics. Newtonian physics are not turn up wrong, but shown to cove r a certain domain. The field of Epictetus is that of an already developed self higher in capacity for self-discipline. This discipline is also the locus of value for this passage for it could be read to suggest that a certain sort of person (or a sufficiently developed person to be less exclusive) can begin engineering their own judgments. In this way one can prevent oneself from becoming upset.This is a eudemonic ideal that could be manifest in the Epictetus though the passage does not give us quite enough to warrant that judgment on its own. In the end it could be argued that Epictetus could agree with me if read a certain way (and with no further context in his work), though given his stoic background I am disinclined to this view. Moreover, whether or not he holds this view is of secondary importance. The score to which he and I agree depends on whether in telling us to blame only ourselves he is prompting us to construct a better self or merely to delineate where the puzzle comes into play.Doubtless he would endorse self refinement but it his intent in this passage is the crucial matter. Beyond that there is only the hurdle that he believes judgment is quite self-possessed where I see the self as constructed in dialogue with many influences (culture, parenting, education, etc) which do much of ones judicial decision especially in earlier stages of development. It is the only hurdle but that is still a sizable leap.ReferencesKierkegaard, Soren. (1989). The nausea Unto Death. (Alastair Hannay Trans. ). New York Penguin Books USA Inc.. (Original work published 1849).

Change Management Essay Example for Free

Change Management turn upINTRODUCTIONMany flaws tin be found with the classical cuddle, the birth of which is widely accredited to Fredrick Taylor, in lift officular how employees became bitter and angry with the levels of autobusial thuggery (Rose 1988) that Taylor promoted. There already existed high levels of fetcher- caution conflict, and Taylors get merely heightened the tensions that it had coterie out to tackle.Taylors view, and later, Henri Fayols view of how an governance could be managed solely focus on the productivity of the wee-weeer and how efficiently work could be carried out. It did not take into account the morale of employees or any of their emotional inescapably, resulting in a workforce which became increasingly dissatisfied with their working environment.Mayo and Maslow genuine an draw close which was more accent on the management of worker morale and leadership rather than merely viewing employees as grabby robots (Rose 1988). This theory, which would evolve into what is known as the Human Relations approach to management, was focused on the thought that a happy and satisfied employee was a more productive employee.CLASSICAL APPROACH.The classical approach to organisational management (1900-1930) emerged from the industrial Revolution and was born out of a necessity to replace the trial and error approach, which was prevalent previous to this, with a morefocused and consistent approach to how an organisation should be managed. This new approach was focused on the competency of an organisation and in improving the achievement and proceeds of its employees. The classical approach can be divided into 3 main argonas, scientific management, bureaucracy and administrative management. . (_Managing Change. Bernard Burnes)_Fredrick Taylor (1856-1917) viewed the management of organisations production efficiency as a science and he is accredited with world the father of scientific management. Taylors view was that there w as one best way to perform a task and his approach focused on rift down for each one task so that it could be performed in the most efficient way. His research was severely influenced by the studies of Frank and Lillian Gilbreth(1914). While Taylor was determined to undertake the time it took to complete a task, the Gilbreths tried to reduce the number of motions taken to complete a task. Taylors opinion was that _human beings are predisposed to seek the maximum final applyment for the minimum effort_ _(Taylor 1911)_ and to counteract this, managers must closely supervise workers to ensure that each predefined step in a task is carried out correctly.By breaking down each work process into smaller tasks controlled by the management, the knowledge inevitable by workers about(predicate) the work process is reduced. Workers become mere cogs in the elevator car that is the organisation, and can easily be replaced, as minimum schooling of a replacement worker is required. This in turn growings the managements control as the workers no longer sport a monopoly of knowledge about the work process and cannot use their knowledge as a bargaining tool. Taylor, like the Gilbreths, call backd that in order to increase a workers productivity, he should be motivated by monetary rewards for the amount of work he carries out._When a naturally energetic man works for a few days beside a lazy one, the logic of the situation is unanswerable Why should I work hard when that lazy fellow gets the same pay that I do and does only half as much work? (Taylor 1911)_While Taylor and the Gilbreths were focused on improving the productivity ofindividual workers at task level, Henri Fayol (1841-1925) with the administrative approach, was focused on efficiency at organisational level, top down as opposed to bottom up(Fayol, 1949). Fayols principles of organisation are division of work, authority, discipline, unity of leave out ,unity of direction, subordination of individual i nterest to general interests, remuneration, centralization, scalar chain, order, equity, stability of tenure of personnel, orifice, and esprit de corps.(Mullins,1989201-3).Max weber (1864-1924) developed the theory of bureaucratic management which, similarly to Fayols approach, was focused on the overall structure of an organisation. According to Weber a bureaucracy must have a number of distinct characteristics. It must have a hierarchical chain of command, where each employer is answerable to a superior, therefore power flows from the top down. Division of labour, where each task is broken down into smaller tasks, with different employees working on each separate part of the task. Each employee is selected on merit and qualification only with no bias shown to favourites. Formalised and detailed rules and regulations must be set out.HUMAN RELATIONS APPROACHThe offsets of the Human Relations approach can be traced back to studies on worker fatigue which were carried out while the scientific approach was still being established, and it is fair to say that both approaches overlap. Elton Mayo (1880-1949) expanded on these studies in the 1930s, most notably with his haw experiments. (_Managing Change. Bernard Burnes)_Mayo did not believe that workers were only cin one caserned by monetary rewards, but instead suggested that by having their social postulate met at work they would in turn be more motivated and their performance would improve. In his experiments he divided workers into groups and studied how their productivity responded to changes in the environment such as luminance and working conditions. To his surprise the worsening working conditions did not lead to worker productivity declining, in detail productivity increased. Thisled him to conclude that workers motivation was increased by better communication, as the workers were consulted with prior to, and end-to-end the experiments. It was also concluded that workers performed better when they wer e in a team, and when they were receiving greater attention from their managers.(_http//tutor2u.net/ billet/gcse/people_motivation_theories.htm_ )Abraham Maslow (1908 1970) developed a management theory which is referred to as Maslows Hierarchy of Needs, as shown below.(image. http//chebri.com/commitment-maslows-hierarchy-of-needs-and-herzberg-theory-of-hygiene-motivation-in-business/)Maslow believed that in order for a person to sign up on the higher needs, first his lower, more basic needs must to be satisfied. He argued that once a persons lowest level physiological and nearty needs are met the higher level needs become more important to them. For example in a management situation the physiological needs of an employee are things like adequate lunch breaks and sufficient wages. The safety needs are met when a safe working environment is provided. Social needs are satisfied when there is a sense of residential district in the working environment. The esteem needs of employees are the needs for recognition from superiors for work carried out and achievements. self-importance Actualisation is the need of an employee to reach their full potential, this need changes, as different levels of potential are met the employee so needs to attain a higher level..(_http//www.netmba.com/mgmt/ob/motivation/maslow/_ _)_Douglas McGregor (1906-1964) stated that there are fundamentally two types of manager, one who had a negative view of his employees and the other who had a more positive view. In his concept he called the negative view Theory X, and the positive one Theory Y. Theory X give births that employees do not like work, and a threat of punishment is required to ensure that they perform to required standards. It is also of the assumption that workers do not haveany ambition and will avoid accountability they are primarily interested in security.Theory X could be used to describe the unequivocal approaches to management. Theory Y managers on the other hand take the human relations approach and assume that work is natural to people and can be a source of satisfaction to them. Theory Y managers believe that workers will seek responsibility and are motivated to meet goals. McGregor believed that managers who adapted the Theory X approach created an environment where workers were only motivated by financial or material gain, whereas Theory Y managers created a workplace where employees were more responsible and more willing to contribute. McGregor came to the conclusion that organisations needed to adapt the approach set out in Theory Y, which is essentially the human relations approach_.__(Burnes. Managing Change)_MODERN ORGANISATIONSFor the purpose of this taste extensive research was carried out on the approaches that modern industries take regarding management. Information gathered from an interview with an employee of ESB Ireland, an electrical energy supplier which is one of the largest employers in Ireland, gave a unique insight into how this particular organisation continues to put into notion many facets of the human relations approach.Eoghan, who is employed as an electrical engineer, provided documentation and described how at the beginning of each year all employees have a one to one meeting with their manager to cover and agree upon goals which they then attempt to achieve throughout the year. The employee is provided with guidance from their manager regarding the work processes on a continuous basis. The diagram shown below, which is taken from the ESBs performance and development document, illustrates how formal and informal communication between manager and employee is seen as essential and is maintained throughout the year._(Performance and Development Document ESB 2014)_Coaching is also provided on a one to one basis with employees when it isrequired._Coaching is a proven means, carried out in a confidential manner, by which more individual potential can be unlocked to achieve higher levels of caree r and business performance__(ESB Performance and Development Document 2014)_Through researching a case study carried out on grammatical construction materials group CRH, similar approaches to performance management were identified. The CRH approach to performance management is broken down into three areas which are almost identical to those taken at ESB, these are planning, coaching and reviewing.As is the case at ESB the work processes are carefully structured and discussed with the employee in the planning stage. Coaching is also carried out for each employees specific needs which in turn increases knowledge and improves communication. In the review stage each employee is assessed each and given the opportunity to respond to feedback._Self-assessment, collection of information, appraisal and a review meeting all moil performance cash advance__(http//www.business2000.ie/pdf/pdf_10/crh_10th_ed.pdf)_CRH are of the view that it is essential that employees are open of working on t heir own initiative or as part of a team, as they state in their candidate requirements that candidates must have_Ability to work on own initiative and as part of a team__Ability to analyse situations and develop advance(a) solutions__Problem solving ability__(http//www.business2000.ie/pdf/pdf_4/crh_4th_ed.pdf)_CONCLUSIONIts understood that the most important asset of any organisation is its employees, and trying to keep the services of these employees. The classical approach to management does not take this into account and instead is solely pertain with increasing productivity and extracting the maximum labour from its workers. It can be argued that the classical approach increases productivity and raises the output of each employee however, in the long run it does not lead to a satisfied and contented workforce. This approach is dated when it comes to the fast paced business environment that exists today. In most modern workplaces it is essential that workers are capable of wo rking on their own initiative and making important decisions themselves, the classical approach to management does cipher to promote or nurture these skills, and in fact it discourages them.The classical school of thought is that there is one best way for all organisations to be structured and operate _(Burnes. 2004)_, however, as established through this research, the approach that ESB takes disproves this theory, as each employee is treated as an individual and encouraged to provide opinion on how the work process should be structured and best performed.The meetings and one to one contact with managers gives the employee a clear collar of what is expected of him and improves communication between the employee and management, which is one of the core aspects of the Human Relations Approach. These initial meetings as strong as the guidance which is provided throughout year to the employee by ESB management is clearly influenced by Mayos conclusions following the haw experiments that employee morale and performance increased with better communication and prior consultation to the work process. _(Burnes. 2004)._The coaching sessions which are provided at ESB help to improve skills and self-confidence in employees as well as providing management with the federal agency that their workers are competent and performing to a highstandard. This type of approach to coaching and continuous improvement and learning is in direct contrast to the ideals of the Classical Approach, and particularly to Fredrick Taylors.Taylor believed in reducing employees knowledge about the work process rather than encouraging learning and understanding. By reducing the workers knowledge he believed that management had a greater control over their employees (_Burnes. Managing Change)._ The view taken by ESB is completely different, as they believe that the more skilled and confident that an employee becomes, the greater an asset to the organisation he will be. By providing training and coaching to employees ESB are investing in human capital, which means the more skilled an employee becomes the greater his scotch value is to ESB_.__(http//www.investopedia.com/terms/h/humancapital.asp)_There is a quote from CRH that appears in the case study which was researched which proves that their organisation embodies almost every aspect of the Human Relations approach_The challenge for CRH is to be a group that attracts and retains people__not just because it is an industry leader but also because it provides a__culture and working environment which creates opportunities for all__employees to grow personally and professionally.__(http//www.business2000.ie/pdf/pdf_4/crh_4th_ed.pdf)_Tesco.http//businesscasestudies.co.uk/tesco/developing-appropriate-leadership-styles/leadership-styles.htmlaxzz3JGcBkQ5YREFERENCEShttp//iosrjournals.org/iosr-jbm/ text file/Vol14-issue6/A01460105.pdf?id=7380http//education-portal.com/academy/lesson/frederick-taylor-theories-principles-contributio ns-to-management.htmlhttp//www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1911taylor.asphttp//tutor2u.net/business/gcse/people_motivation_theories.htmhttp//chebri.com/commitment-maslows-hierarchy-of-needs-and-herzberg-theory-of-hygiene-motivation-in-business/http//www.netmba.com/mgmt/ob/motivation/maslow/_http//www.business2000.ie/pdf/pdf_4/crh_4th_ed.pdf_

William Blake course work Essay Example for Free

William Blake argumentation work EssayWilliam Blake was a man who only thought of bettering our society through his actions and poetry. He started on the job(p) breeding as engravers apprentice, he grew up in a epoch know as the sequence of Reason, and produced most of his work during this time as, he was a pioneer of this time. His work was called radical as strong as his thinking this is because his revolutionary ideas were once morest all that the society of the time knew. Blakes thinking reduced the church service and its institutions to tools of repression, this was because of the churches oer ruling situation and control of the general populate and the society willingness to obey through fear of cosmos punished or sentenced to an eternity in hell. His attitude to try a liberate the human sprit and emancipation of thought was powered by his experience of being tried for sedition, this made his thinking very knock-down(a) because the church/institution tried to o ppresses and control his to which he replied by ridiculing the church through his inspiring poetry. Blessed ThursdayThe subject of this song is about Holy Thursday and the lies and the make-up face they put on. The character of social injustice that is testifyn in this verse form is towards boorren and how they atomic number 18 treated badly and used for the churches gain.The themes in this meter atomic number 18 of repression and greed, these be manifestn by how the children are being used to up the churches reputation by aid the children, and to a fault how the church have used there power take and use the children.The organize of the of the poem keeps the poem in short basic line of words, sort of homogeneous how a small child would think, this puts you in a childs shoes and make you feel more empathy for them. The four quatrains also have the analogous way out of a childs mind by of staying on one subject for a short time. The quatrains are quite regular and str ict giving you and impression of the repression of the church making sure there is no thinking against them. The rhyming is primary and regular. This could give the impression of a controlled person always having to think the uniform way and keep to the same rhythm or some affaire bad will happen.The poetic techniques used in the poem are clever and well used to create emotion in the proofreader livery out opposite feelings and certain biases towards certain opinions. The juxtaposition in the poem is very emotive like the comparison of a flush and fruitful pop being disapproved of because of the babes the are fed with a coolness and usurious hand this comparison has put the priests in the worst possible light as if this land is so rich and fruitful because why cant they show some compassion, warmth if it doesnt put together them in the slightest.Another juxtapose stanza is the sentence is that trembling cry a song? Can it be a song of experience? this sentence juxtaposes the songs that the children speak it that it could a song of over flowing joy or a song of great good-for-naughtness this bring a feeling of pity into the reader for the children as a cry being called a song is something that only the most evil battalion would say. This then again puts the priest in a bad light as they are forcing children to sing a song of sadness notwithstanding call it a song of joy.The repetition in the poem emphasises the sadness and despair in the poem like the repetition for the sun not shining and then something bad happening in stead like it raining.The alliteration enhances the effect of the children suffering going on non stop and never ending like the alliteration in bleak and bare theses pieces of alliteration effect the readers feelings towards the children by makes they more bias towards them.The imagery in this poem is good because its create two different images one for greatness and prosperity and one of sadness and poverty these to images ar e about the same thing these images are contrast and the better one questioned to see if it is a real while the other images is meant to show the truth and a poverty that is there. The imagery also gives us a visual insight to the childrens life by describing it as the field bleak and bare and their ways are filled with thorns this visual verbal description makes us feel sad for the children. This could also be compared to Jesus crown of thorns and his hard life and how they are being put into the public eye for the wrong reasons.The musical is effective in the poem because of how it contrasts what is genuinely happening and what the priests want to happen like how the want the children to appear happy to promote god to the state so the people come to church and the priests gain money when really the children get no later and are again just left to be abused. The language and syntax in this poem is simple but still very effective it what it meant to do.It is simple because it is not meant for one particular audience it meant for everyone so keeping it simple make this poem readable for everyone this creates an effect on all people as the rich and supposedly more intelligent dont get all think thats its just a aver to them and the poor and supposedly stupid do not feel left out and unwanted. So this brings the rich down to earth, and brings the poor to the same level the rich are on so they are a level playing field. The language is mostly simple with a few complex words this is again an effort to get everyone to understand the poem and be able appreciate it. The lack of complexity in the poem contributes to the meaning because it reflects the children and how they are simple but need to be cared for.The bank bill of poem is sad for the children and angry at the people who did this to them. The effect of having this tone make the reader for empathy for the children but it is then a warning and a telling off for the people who did it. The mood this sets is a mood of intensity because of it shun for the people who use the children.The fountainial intent in this poem is to get across the point that the children are not happy just sad and abused, and the priests arent what they seem to be. The poem is effective in doing this because of its imagery and poetic techniques, the imagery and poetic techniques are effective because the imagery get across the essential parts of what the compose wants to say then the techniques emphasise them.Garden of loveThe subject of this poem is the repression of freedom and the controlling power of the church and how it takes over. The social in justice show is the repression of the people and how they freedom is taken. The injustice that religion brings upon the people is highlighted in this poem by how it takes over with no question against it when the church is meant to present freedom to the people. It also shows the repression of the people by tell us about how everything the people had it take and converted then the transition is told to be good.The themes in this poem are repression, controlling dominance and injustice these are shown by how no matter what the church does it is never wrong and how the church is unjust by taking things that are to taken.The structure of this poem is a simple three, 4 lined stanza, these stanzas get worst and worst as you go along adding to the meaning of the poem by reflecting what the church does by how the church just does worst and worst things to abuse the people. The rhyming in this poem make the church seems repetitive and the same all the time because the rhyming is repetitive and simple.The poetic techniques that the poem uses are alliteration, repetition and juxtaposition. The alliteration in the poem enhances the effects of the words by having a build up effect. The repetition in the poem is mainly in the last stanza where and is repeat 4 times and again it has a build up effect on the churches injustice to the people. The imagery in the poem is very strong and emotive. Like the flowers being destroyed and juxtaposed against the graves this creates a feeling of anger of how the church come a destroy like and by nature freedom of everything a bring only death and order and even after death things are still order like how graves have a specific set up.The imagery of the chapel service is very strict and regimented with its controlling power. Also with the chapel having thou shall not write over the door promote control as it is an order and does not promote freedom it just show that religion is about what you cant do not what you can. The line priests in shocking gowns pass their rounds this suggests that the priests are corrupt because they were black instead of a pure white like there meant to be. Also the walking there rounds makes them sound like there patrolling the people making sure that they do not reflect out of line and do what the priests want. This then adds the controlling effect that the chur ch has.The language and syntax in this are good because the short sentence make the reader feel the controlling presence of the church only allowing a certain amount of words from the author. The language in this poem is effective because the author uses simple word and put them together to make complex meanings like black gowns this suggests evil and corruption, black is also a dominate colour making the church seem even more controlling.The tone of the poem is of anguish the anguish the author has for his special place of freedom and love being taken over and replaced by control and fake love. The mood that the mood creates is disgust for the church of how they could destroy something as pure as the tend of love, and then replace with fake purity shadowed by corruption.The authorial intent of the poem is that the author wants the reader to understand that the church does not enlighten and love but shadow the people with a cold, corrupt binding grip. It is effective in this becau se of its description of how the church destroys the garden and replaced with total order and darkness.